Indonesian Government Must Resolve Issue of Fish Meal Production

Dependence on imports of fish meal as feed raw material to make Indonesian Poultry Society Forum (FMPI) asked the government to seriously develop these products themselves.

"The cost of production for poultry or fish aquaculture 70 percent comes from food, but the raw material in the form of fish meal we still have to import," said Coordinator FMPI, Don P Utoyo, through discussion and press conference Viv Asia "Reflecting on the Farm and Agribusiness Excellence Strategy Fishing Thailand "here on Wednesday.

According to him, the constraints of Indonesia to be able to produce fish meal itself because the producers of fish meal processing with a fisherman who could supply the raw materials their own ways.

"The perpetrator was still fishing effort on their own path. So can not process their own fish meal, but its resources there," he continued.

He said the government should be able to integrate suppliers of raw materials to processing fish meal, so that raw materials do not need to be exported again.

"In addition, we need to wait for the government's plan to provide incentives for the processing of this raw material feed. This is necessary in order to no longer support the import dependence," said Don.

Earlier in the discussion kepentinan fisheries stakeholders in the Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries (MMAF), Head of Aquaculture Research Center for the CTF, Endhay Kusnendar, reveals further research is needed to replace fish meal given the amount of demand and price increases.

Price per metric ton of fish meal which jumped from 600 dollars to 2,000 U.S. dollars of the more burdensome in the homeland of fish farmers.

Look for alternative sources of protein solution in the form of a caterpillar magot of coconut oil is also still have to continue to be tested. The problem, the current surge in oil prices resulting in the production magot considered twice by the feed producers, he said.

"So it should be studied together is roughly what this fish meal replacement. In Australia, algae has begun to be developed to replace the fish meal protein. It can also be developed in the ground water due to abundant raw materials," continued Endhay

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Ornamental Fish Farming Open Export Opportunities in Indonesia

Freshwater ornamental fish culture was able to give life to many people at it. In addition to people like going to the beauty of ornamental fish, there are many people who depend of cultivation and marketing of ornamental fish species vary. Not infrequently, some farmers are beginning to pursue the cultivation of food fish such as catfish, tilapia, etc. guramih switch pursue ornamental fish culture. All was done because of the economic potential of ornamental fish farming more lucrative than fish consumption. With maintenance and feeding patterns are almost the same as the consumption of fish, ornamental fish culture capable of generating greater income because the prices are more expensive ornamental fish. The key to cultivating ornamental fish are happy in the painstaking and maintain it.

When compared with the cultivation of fish consumption is almost the same maintenance problems while sales are usually rewarded with a system of fish consumption by the kilogram, ornamental fish valued by the system per fish, with fish farming business so much emphasis quantity of consumption, thus requiring extensive land and facilities more. Farmed fish is more stressed ornamental qualities so that it can be done in a narrow area and can be done as a sideline. If you do not have a vast pond, ornamental fish farming can be done in the aquarium or cement tanks are quite small. If the land available is small enough, we must be more selective in the maintenance of ornamental fish. Ornamental fish are kept pretty good quality, while a lack of good quality should be diafkir due to take place.
There is a wide range of economic Valuable Ornamental Fish is high among other Koi fish, Manfish, Chef, Niasa, Redfin, Lemon, Comets, Sumatra barb, Black Ghost, crocodiles, Arowana and other ornamental fish species. Ornamental fish is a common ornamental fish hobbyists sought and cultivated fish farmers.

One reason why the cultivation of ornamental fish was chosen in addition to having a high selling price, the process of spawning and seed treatments do not require large capital and business hatchery / farmed fish is still in certain areas so that still has vast potential. Because like sometimes ornamental fish enthusiasts willing to spend money to millions of dollars to have an ornamental fish hinting they want. This is what sometimes makes ornamental fish prices soared. In addition to the beauty of ornamental fish preference factors also contribute to determine the price. In general, fish that has a shape, color, beautiful complexion would be worth quite expensive. Herein lies the key to the success of ornamental fish farming, producing fish are beautiful and good quality.

The existence of ornamental fish itself is no longer as mere entertainment or hobby but has evolved into objects to be utilized for the benefit of education, research, medical and nature conservation purposes. Until now, this freshwater fish is one type of non-oil export commodities that fisheries can contribute substantial foreign exchange. With a wealth of ornamental fish are abundant then the chances of Indonesia as an exporter of this commodity is very wide open. Ornamental Fish Farming feasible so intensified in the community.

Ornamental fish farming is one business that provides an alternative source of income to increase income of farmers / entrepreneurs ornamental fish. Ornamental fish culture business prospects sufficiently developed. This is due in ornamental fish culture has advantages as follows:
1. The technology is easily absorbed and applied, because the technology used is quite simple
2. Ornamental Fish cultivation can be cultivated household / small business, do not need large area
3. Rapid turnover of capital, can be harvested in a short period of time.
4. Ornamental fish farming is able Absorb labor.
5. Promising market both domestic and export markets.

Profile of Some Ornamental Fish Farmers

One example of ornamental fish breeders are quite successful breeders of ornamental fish in the city of Jakarta, are now starting to receive orders from abroad such as Japan and England, while the ornamental fish that are of interest are the tetra species of freshwater fish, botiya and zebra. An ornamental fish breeder, in the Swamp Lumbu, Bekasi, Miskun, said demand ornamental fish started coming from overseas buyers and recently he has sent as many as 10 boxes of fish to Japan. Marketing of ornamental fish to come out of the country's interest originated from fish enthusiasts from abroad with the beauty of the fish are cultured in Bekasi and the price is relatively cheap. Efforts ornamental fish culture has been able to increase the local economy and even Bekasi became known as a qualified supplier of ornamental fish.

Another example is Mina Prosperous Farmers Group was formed by the Fisheries Department Tulungagung provincial, district consisting of ornamental fish and the like in the Village Bendiljati Wetan.Pemilik hatchery and aquaculture business in the early plots set up his business take advantage of two existing pools, the owner benefits from the added capital to make the pond behind and front of his house, now has 40 plots around the house and pool location pool with the other 45 plots of land all 3 ha. The development of ornamental fish culture is getting more and more increased since the business was used as a living subject that is able to improve the welfare of the family.

Another success story Koi Breeder Sangkuriang Farmers Group, Farmers Group, with its secretariat at Jln. No. Sangkuriang. RT 1 RW 5 7 Ex. Cipageran, district. North Cimahi, City Cimahi. Farmer groups are a collection of Ornamental Fish Farmers Koi has a background of concern founders saw koi fish farmers in West Java which is less advanced. Though the famous koi blitar excel in Indonesia at this time, the seeds came from West Java. After passing through a long process now Sangkuriang a rating of two Koi Breeder Koi Fish in the international competition in Jakarta in February 2009. This championship is an international championship Koi who happened to be implemented in Indonesia.

According to Ule, Founding Farmers Group Sangkuriang Koi Breeder Koi fish farming has a favorable prospect for many and not limited market. In addition, koi fish sales are relatively stable when compared to fish is just booming louhan moment. Similarly, the treatment is also relatively cheap compared Arowana fish. Each month the group who managed Ule farmer can make a profit of at least Rp 15 million.

Freshwater fish farmers need government attention. For freshwater fish culture has a high potential to improve the economy of farmers that spread in the districts / cities in North Sumatra.

"We continue to concentrate on a facilitator to bring together farmers with the government and all investors. Because the main constraints of farmers in developing freshwater fish farming, namely due to limited capital," said Chairman of the Indonesian Young Entrepreneurs Association (Hipmi) Sumut Aldi Said Al Idrus accompanied by Deli Serdang Hipmi committee when reviewing the ornamental fish breeding locations in the Village Sekip, Lubuk Pakam.

It is said, in addition to limited capital, the farmers also lack insight and business networks. Therefore, Hipmi will provide training with the involvement of relevant agencies. "They also often have difficulty in marketing."

Before reviewing the location of freshwater fish culture, especially the cultivation of ornamental fish in two places, namely Lubuk Pakam Sekip Village and the Hamlet I Anyar Reef Village, Banyan, all administrators and trustees Hipmi Hipmi Sumatra Deli Serdang do friendship with freshwater fish farmers at home Rofik Jalan Masjid I Sekip Village.

In that meeting, unless the third known obstacles often encountered the farmers, they are also difficult to maintain the standard selling price of the crop of fish dressing. So that this condition be exploited by the middlemen.

Pest Control

In front of North Sumatra Hipmi board consisting of Aldi Said, Aulia Rahman SE, ZE Mukti Purba, and administrators Hipmi Deli Serdang, chairman Amri Farizal Nasution, Head I Syahfitra SE, Zul Sinuraya Amir, and others, an ornamental fish farmers, Rofik admitted because limited insight, farmers in the area are also difficulties in dealing with pests that often affect the fish.

Rofik who has four years to pursue the cultivation of ornamental fish and has a turnover of USD 6 $ 7 million per month, hoping Hipmi can be a motivator and facilitator for them. The same can be said chairman of ornamental fish farmers group the Village Coral Anyar, Tugiman.

According Tugiman, for over 15 years to cultivate ornamental fish culture, economic values ​​obtained are very promising. So he encouraged his fellow sekelompoknya order to achieve the progress that seems able to achieve a turnover reaching tens of millions per month.

Addressing fish farmers constraints and the desire to advance his efforts, Hipmi plans to bring together farmers with Regent Deli Serdang capital owners and entrepreneurs to be held next week. "God willing, next week we can implement this meeting," said Amri Farizal Nasution.

Only in this way, added Amri Farizal Nasution, farmers can directly convey the difficulties faced by businesses and governments can hear it. Meanwhile, investors who will be involved, is expected to help the capital for the development of farmers.

Forward rapidly

Aldi Said Al Idrus back added, when the fisheries sector is now getting serious attention from the central government. Learning from the experience in Japan, before sunrise State had only 5 percent of fisheries potential. But thanks to the seriousness of the government, the next five years Japan has had the potential of fisheries reached 60 percent.

The seriousness of the central government through the ministry of fisheries and maritime affairs, has recently received support Hipmi Sumut 500 thousand seedlings of freshwater fish. "Now we fish seeds submitted to the Office Perikana North Sumatra to be developed in all districts / cities."

Associated with meetings and visits, Said Aldi petemuan promised to do the same on a regular basis to all fish farmers in the districts / cities in North Sumatra. He also appealed to all compartments Hipmi in all districts / cities to do the same.

So that the farmers continue to be motivated and able to increase their yields.

Here is a series of useful tips and hints for beginners to undergo a hobby maintain Ornamental Fish. Ornamental fish certain species can live in a very long time if cared for properly. Therefore, you should have a long-term commitment before starting maintain Freshwater Ornamental Fish.

Here are the steps you need to do before starting to keep the fish:

1. Find as much information as possible before buying fish. Consider the following factors:

How big fish when mature, and whether you have an aquarium large enough to accommodate the size of the fish body as an adult.
Find out about the water temperature, pH ranges and so on
What kind of fish food that is eaten
Temperament species of fish. Whether certain species of fish suitable for incorporation with your existing or want your pet in the future. This factor is often overlooked by penghobist.
Does your pet species will be able to multiply quickly? If so, do you have the equipment when the fish reproduce?
Are the fish to be purchased vulnerable to certain diseases?

2. Buy an aquarium as large as possible within budget and space you have. A large aquarium in the aquarium water causes more stable. For example, if the heating temperature is damaged, and Selling Fish shops were closed, the water temperature will be more stable in a large aquarium. Learn about the nitrogen cycle in the aquarium if you want Ornamental Fish Culture. This important process should you understand if you want to succeed in maintaining a freshwater fish.

3. Learn aquarium equipment before you buy or do Ornamental Fish Culture.

4. If you love to read, buy books on freshwater fish. Reading books is the fastest way to get the information you need to maintain Freshwater Ornamental Fish. Magazine subscription and Fresh Water Fish aquarium is also one easy way to get tips and you continue to learn new things in this hobby, you can also ask the seller Ornamental Fish

5. Provide lots of hiding places for fish. Hiding place would be a place of refuge fish and will lower the stress level ikan.peralatan like that can be found at Shop & Shop Fish Ornamental Fish.

6. Buy aquarium water test kit to monitor the aquarium nitrogen cycle. You can buy a test kit to test the levels of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate and pH. You should also test the tap water if using tap water.

7. Do not place the aquarium near a window. Sunlight entering the aquarium will cause an explosion of green algae. Direct sunlight will also cause increased water temperatures in the aquarium.

8. Do not follow the rules 1inci fish per 1 gallon of water. A better rule is 1 inch of fish per 2-3 gallons of water.

9. Do deklorinasi tap water before being put into the aquarium asked Ornamental deh same fishmonger as they know more about what it deklorinasi hehe .. Buy aquarium filters in Fish Shops & Stores Ornamental Fish that have multiple cartridges, so you can replace one when it is dirty.

10. Do not rinse the filter with tap water. Use of water in the aquarium that you have the time to replace the water filter Fresh Water Fish. Chlorine and kloramin in tap water will kill bacteria nitrite and nitrate removal in the filter.

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7 Province in Indonesia that Produce Catfish

Catfish Clarias sp is very well developed in Indonesia. Over the last five years continues to increase catfish production. In 2005 the national production of 69.386 tons of catfish, the year 2006 of 77.332 tons, in 2007 amounted to 91.735 last year 2008 increased to 114.371 tons in 2009 and continued to increase to 144.755. In 2010, preliminary figures published by the production of farmed catfish of 273 554 tonnes.

Catfish farming is a commodity that is very popular freshwater community. It tastes good and tasty are one of the reasons the audience of catfish. Even today catfish consumed in the form of not only intact but also already processed catfish like shredded, nuggets, leather crackers, meatballs and others.

Raising catfish can now be grown in a container other than a pool, good pool tarps, pool or pond soil cement, also has developed cultivation at Karamba, cages and rice cultivation.

Raising catfish in the pond there in nearly all parts of Indonesia and was initially developed in catfish aquaculture ponds. In further developments catfish farming can be cultivated in Karamba. Some areas are developing catfish farming with Karamba container, among other southern Sumatra, North Sumatra, West Kalimantan and East Java. Lele current can also be cultivated in floating net buoyancy. West Java province is an example that can develop catfish farming in net cages. While catfish farming in rice fields in general only up to the nursery, although some are developed to the stage of consumption. Catfish production in paddy cultivation are highest in West Sumatra.

The development of an excellent catfish farming is supported by the production of catfish big enough in some provinces that became centers of catfish farming. Seven of them, namely:

1. West Java

West Java is a province known for its freshwater fish farming. In this province there is a Center for Development of Freshwater Aquaculture, located in Sukabumi. Production of catfish farming in West Java province in 2009 reached 48,044 tons. Catfish in the province is cultivated in both swimming pools in the container land, tub or pool tarp. Not only in the pool, about some areas of West Java also developed a system of catfish aquaculture net cages and paddy cultivation. In the cultivation of rice is generally cultivated for the nursery fish catfish. Catfish farming center of West Java Province is located in Bogor district and district Indramayu. In addition to these two districts, there are three districts whose production in 2009 reached over 1,000 tons. These three provinces namely Subang district, county and district Ciamis Bandung.

2. Central Java

Province is located in the central island of Java is, in 2009 production reached 28,290 tons of fish lelenya. Catfish aquaculture centers in the province spread over several districts. Tertinggui catfish production in Central Java is located in the district is sentranya Demak and catfish farming. Other catfish aquaculture centers located in the district of Banyumas, Purbalingga, Sukoharjo and Karang Anyar and Boyolali. Raising catfish in Central Java, mostly from aquaculture ponds. Starting in 2009 based on statistical data publication started developing aquaculture catfish farming in rice fields. Besides dikaramba and catfish farming in ponds is also developed in karamba and floating net.

3. East Java

Catfish cultivation in the province of East Java, conducted in Swimming, karamba and rice fields. Production of all three types of aquaculture in 2009 reached 26,690 tons. Catfish farming center located in East Java province and district Tulung Jombang district Court. Both these districts have been the largest supplier of catfish farmed in East Java. In addition to these districts there are also districts Kadiri, Nganjuk, Terri and Jember production above 1,000 tons in 2009.

4. D. I. Yogyakarta

Provinces that have only 5 districts are apparently not be considered trivial in terms of fish breeding. Just look at lelenya production which in 2009 was in four major catfish producer. In the year 2009 and Yogyakarta catfish production reached 7902 tons. Raising catfish in the province of Yogyakarta is done in a container pond and a small catfish farmers who cultivate in the Karamba. The whole district of the province is developing this catfish. Catfish production centers located in the district and the district Kulonprogo Sleman.

5. West Sumatra

West Sumatra is famous for its carp and fish farming are partly derived from the value the floating net floating on Lake Maninjau contained. But who sangkan although the development of fish farming is not sepesat lelenya carp and tilapia, catfish production in West Sumatra, including five major national producer of catfish farming. Its production in 2009 reached 7292 tons. Catfish are known for easy in this cultivation, in the province of West Sumatra is cultivated in ponds and rice fields. Some farmers also develop karamba and catfish in floating net. Sentra catfish farming province of West Sumatra contained in 50 districts and counties Pasaman Koto.

6. Lampung

Lampung province is actually known as the largest shrimp producer in Indonesia. This is because in this province there are two companies that do vaname shrimp cultivation. However, the results of aquaculture is also a very good bargaining mainly catfish. Lampung province of catfish production in 2009 reached 5572 tons. Catfish in the province is cultivated in ponds and in containers located in each county / city of Lampung province. Fish farming centers lelenya Lampung province on the basis of statistical reports published in 2010 contained in the district Tanggamus, East Lampung regency and city Metro.

7. Riau

Riau province including the provincial bargaining aquaculture development is quite good. In 2009, the province's production of 3835 tons lelenya fish originating from aquaculture ponds and net cages. Catfish production centers located in Riau province Kampar district is known as sentranya freshwater aquaculture and farmed fish producer number one in the province of Riau. Catfish farming center located in Kampar but all districts / cities in the province is also developing catfish.

This is the seventh province's largest contributor of catfish production in Indonesia in 2009 and with the expected production targets in 2011 which amounted to 366,000 tons could be achieved by increasing the production of the seventh province.

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Aquaculture in Singkarak Lake

Tilapia fish farming on a large scale in the Lake Singkarak located in the district of Solok and Tanah Datar, West Sumatra, will soon be done.

However, among fisheries experts oppose the plan because they will expect pollution that causes the death of thousands of tons of tilapia and carp. Similar events happened repeatedly in Lake Maninjau, Agam Regency, West Sumatra.

Head of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Yosmeri West Sumatra, on Thursday (05/19/2011), said the culture of tilapia in Lake Batur will begin next two months. For the initial stage, 50 fishermen will be involved in order to cultivate tilapia in 26 floating net cages.

Each cage will contain the 6000 tail fish fries. Floating net cage system that is used is the two-tier cages.

Two-tier cages gamih useful to overcome pests, which often attack fish farming with slow movements. Gamih is a kind of prey of the order Isopoda Crustacean class that attacks the fish by the gills and infiltrate the blood sucking fish at the gills.

In two-tier cage system, expected gamih not be able to penetrate layers of cages that are designed with surface more tightly.

Yosmeri added, tilapia fish culture in cages two layers was done as an alternative livelihood for the people around who had been fishing on Lake Batur Bilih.

"Raising tilapia in order to preserve fish and reduce dependence Bilih fishermen who catch fish Bilih," said Yosmeri.

Fish Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is an endemic fish of Lake Batur is relatively resistant gamih attacks and became a mainstay of the people for this.

However, an expert fishing Bung Hatta University, Padang, Prof. Hafrijal Syandri, on the same day against the plan tilapia fish farming in Lake Batur it. "The possibility there will be a population explosion of phytoplankton to the lack of oxygen at the surface," he said.

It was as a result of rising concentrations of ingredients in fish feeds in floating net cages, such as phosphorus, sulfur, nitrite, and nitrogen. Singkarak water pollution that ultimately feared would disrupt fish populations Bilih.

"In fact, during the water quality of Lake Batur also been disturbed by hydroelectric Singkarak and the flow of water from the River Sumani and Lembang in Solok," said Hafrijal, who is also rector of the University of Bung Hatta, Padang.

Hafrijal said, cultivation that would worsen the water quality of Lake Batur and in turn will lead to mass mortality of fish like that repeated in Lake Maninjau.

He mentioned, should be done is to maximize fish populations Bilih as endemic fauna of Lake Batur. "Fish Bilih can also be a source of high revenue for the community," said Hafrijal.

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