Aquaculture in Singkarak Lake

Tilapia fish farming on a large scale in the Lake Singkarak located in the district of Solok and Tanah Datar, West Sumatra, will soon be done.

However, among fisheries experts oppose the plan because they will expect pollution that causes the death of thousands of tons of tilapia and carp. Similar events happened repeatedly in Lake Maninjau, Agam Regency, West Sumatra.

Head of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries Yosmeri West Sumatra, on Thursday (05/19/2011), said the culture of tilapia in Lake Batur will begin next two months. For the initial stage, 50 fishermen will be involved in order to cultivate tilapia in 26 floating net cages.

Each cage will contain the 6000 tail fish fries. Floating net cage system that is used is the two-tier cages.

Two-tier cages gamih useful to overcome pests, which often attack fish farming with slow movements. Gamih is a kind of prey of the order Isopoda Crustacean class that attacks the fish by the gills and infiltrate the blood sucking fish at the gills.

In two-tier cage system, expected gamih not be able to penetrate layers of cages that are designed with surface more tightly.

Yosmeri added, tilapia fish culture in cages two layers was done as an alternative livelihood for the people around who had been fishing on Lake Batur Bilih.

"Raising tilapia in order to preserve fish and reduce dependence Bilih fishermen who catch fish Bilih," said Yosmeri.

Fish Bilih (Mystacoleucus padangensis) is an endemic fish of Lake Batur is relatively resistant gamih attacks and became a mainstay of the people for this.

However, an expert fishing Bung Hatta University, Padang, Prof. Hafrijal Syandri, on the same day against the plan tilapia fish farming in Lake Batur it. "The possibility there will be a population explosion of phytoplankton to the lack of oxygen at the surface," he said.

It was as a result of rising concentrations of ingredients in fish feeds in floating net cages, such as phosphorus, sulfur, nitrite, and nitrogen. Singkarak water pollution that ultimately feared would disrupt fish populations Bilih.

"In fact, during the water quality of Lake Batur also been disturbed by hydroelectric Singkarak and the flow of water from the River Sumani and Lembang in Solok," said Hafrijal, who is also rector of the University of Bung Hatta, Padang.

Hafrijal said, cultivation that would worsen the water quality of Lake Batur and in turn will lead to mass mortality of fish like that repeated in Lake Maninjau.

He mentioned, should be done is to maximize fish populations Bilih as endemic fauna of Lake Batur. "Fish Bilih can also be a source of high revenue for the community," said Hafrijal.

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Status of Penaeus monodon culture in Indonesia

The culture of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) in Indonesia has been devastated by WSSV since 2000 but hopes arise that culture of this species will have a great comeback. Nowadays, broodstock which are free of WSSV has already been developed. The larvae produced from them is also of good quality. With an aquaculture system using polyculture, shrimp culture is even more environmental friendly and able to produce healthy shrimp in culture conditions.

Balai Budidaya Air Payau (BBAP) Takalar, Sulawesi Selatan has succeded in screening Black Tiger Shrimp which are free of these virus. The broodstocks are obtained from Nanggroe Aceh Darussalam, Takalar and Gorontalo through intensive screening. Through these procedures, shrip are free of disease.

Sugeng Rahardjo, the head of BBAP Takalar, Sabtu, said their is a stigma that exists which claims Black Tiger shrimp could not be able to be cultured any more but through recent developments these objective statements are questioned.

The shrimp farmers also applied polyculture so the water could be purified. The technique is simple, shrimp farm use a cleaning pond and also a filtering pond as a companion for the main culture ponds. The water from the cleaning pond is left for 3 to 5 days to kill the virus then flowed to the filtering ponds which is planted by sea weeds, milkfish or baronang.

Sea weeds will supply oxygen and filter the pathogenic agents. Milkfish and or baronang will disintegrate residue in the ponds.

According to Saifudin, the shrimp technician in BBAP Takalar, this technique eliminates the cost for feed. The shrimp consumes plankton which grows because of organic fertilizers. Milkfish and baronang also consumes the seaweeds.

Source : kompas

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Failure of Production Target of Indonesian Aquaculture, 2007

The production target of aquaculture in 2007 was not achieved because of low support in capital funds, flooding and limited infrastructure.

Infrastructure such as canals for shrimp ponds and even fish seed is limited hence the Indonesian aquaculture could not achieve its target. The flooding in the rainy season also caused great impact. Nevertheless, according to the latest data, aquaculture in 2003 - 2007 period showed trend increase where in 2003 there was 1.224.192 ton and it increased becoming 3.088.800 ton at 2007.

In 2006-2007 period the aquaculture production only increased 15,14 percent from the target of 36,32 percent.

Increase of aquaculture production is because the trend that points to the application of advanced technology, increase of aquaculture area and also support of quality fish seed.

The plan to increase aquaculture production must be supported by continuous development of fish hatcheries as te first chain in the aquaculture production.

Data showed that the increase of aquaculture in 2007 was achieved by mariculture 1.572.700 ton, shrimp ponds 724.900 ton, land based pond 439.800 ton, pen culture64.700 ton, cage culture 165.000 ton and fish rice field 121.700 ton.

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Flood devastates Indonesian aquaculture

Flooding that happened in some parts of Indonesia caused the aquaculture sector to loose around 17 Million USD. The loss included was damage to fish/shrimp ponds construction and also fish that was carried by the flood.

According the the Data Center of the Indonesia Marine and Fisheries Department, the damage was recapitulated from 4 province.

Soen'an, the head of the Data Center told that the department will propose to create a social fund to help farmers especially to replace their fish.

The most devastated area was the Central Java Province where the loss was around 10 millon USD, from the damage of ponds, cage culture and shrimp ponds.

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